Many traditional games are still
preserved and popular in Indonesia, a
lthough western culture has influenced some parts of them. Among three
hundred officially recognized Indonesian cultures, there are many kind
s of traditional gam
es: cockfighting in Bali, annual bull races in Madura, and stone jum
ping in Nias. Stone jumping involves leaping over a stone wall about up to 1.5 m high and was originally use
d to train warriors.Pencak Silat is another popular form of sport, which was influenced by Asian culture as a wh
ole. Another form of national sport is sepak takraw, which is originated fro
m Melaka.[2] The rules are similar to volleyball: to keep the rattan ball in the air wi
th the players' feet.
Popular modern sports in Indonesia played at the int
ernational level include association football andbadminton. Ind
onesian badminton athletes have played in Indonesia Open Ba
dminton Championship, All England Open Badminton Championships and many inte
rnational events, including the Summer Olympicssince badminton was made an Olympic sport in 1992.
Rudy Hartono is a legendary Indonesian
badminton player, who won All England titles seven times in a row (1968 through 1974). I
ndonesian teams have won the Thomas Cup (men's world team cham
pionship) thirteen of the twenty-two times that it has been contested since the
y entered the series in 1957. [3] In the hugely internationally popular spo
rt of soccer (football), Indonesian teams have been active in the Asian Foot
ball Confederation (AFC).
Sporting events in Indonesia are organised by th
e Indonesian National Sport Committee (KONI). The Committee, along with th
e government of Indonesia, have set a National Sports Day on ev
ery September 9 with "Sports for All" as the motto. Jakarta has hosted the Sou
theast Asian Games three t
imes, in 1979, 1987 and 1997, and won gold medals in each of these years.[4] Indonesia has won gold medal
s at nine of the fifteen games it has attended.
Indonesian culture has been shaped by long interaction between original indigenous customs and multiple foreign influences. Indonesia is central along ancient trading routes between the Far East and the Middle East, resulting in many cultural practices being strongly influenced by a multitude of religions, including Hinduism,Buddhism, Confucianism and Islam, all strong in the major trading cities. The result is a complex cultural mixture very different from the original indigenous cultures.
Examples of cultural fusion include the fusion of Islam with Hindu in Javanese Abangan belief, the fusion of Hinduism, Buddhism and animism in Bodha, and the fusion of Hinduism and animism in Kaharingan; others could be cited.
Indonesian art-forms express this cultural mix. Wayang, traditional theater-performed puppet shows, were a medium in the spread of Hinduism and Islam amongst Javan villagers. Both Javanese and Balinese dances have stories about ancient Buddhist and Hindu kingdoms, while Islamic art forms and architecture are present in Sumatra, especially in the Minangkabau and Aceh regions. Traditional art, music and sport are combined in a martial art form called Pencak Silat.
Western culture has influenced Indonesia most in modern entertainment such as television shows, movies and songs. India has notably influenced Indonesian songs and movies. A popular type of song is the Indian-rhythmicaldangdut, which is often mixed with Arab and Malay folk music.
Despite the influences of foreign culture, some remote Indonesian regions still preserve uniquely indigenous culture. Indigenous ethnic groups of Mentawai, Asmat, Dani, Dayak, Toraja and many others are still practising their ethnic rituals, customs and wearing traditional clothes.
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